Radiography: This is the most familiar type of X-ray imaging. Because bones are rich in calcium, which has a high atomic number, the X-rays are absorbed and appear white on the resulting image.Īny trapped gases, for instance, in the lungs, show up as dark patches because of their particularly low absorption rates. To produce a standard X-ray image, the patient or part of their body is placed in front of an X-ray detector and illuminated by short X-ray pulses. There have, however, been few studies linking an airborne occupation to increased incidence of cancer. Pilots, cabin crew, and astronauts are at more risk of higher doses because of the increased exposure to cosmic rays at altitude. These rays are not harmless but they are unavoidable, and the radiation is at such low levels that its effects are virtually unnoticed. The greatest source of natural radiation for most people is radon.Īdditionally, the Earth is constantly bombarded by cosmic radiation, which includes X-rays. Radioactive material is found naturally in the air, soil, water, rocks, and vegetation. The first person to receive an X-ray for medical purposes was young Eddie McCarthy of Hanover, who fell while skating on the Connecticut River in 1896 and fractured his left wrist.Įveryone on the planet is exposed to a certain amount of radiation as they go about their daily lives.
Just weeks after he discovered that they could help visualize bones, X-rays were being used in a medical setting. Wilhelm Röntgen is credited with first describing X-rays. Share on Pinterest The first X-ray was carried out over 100 years ago.
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